Across Tsavo and the wider African savanna, animals and plants form complex relationships that can benefit both parties, help one species at no cost to another, or allow one species to exploit another entirely. Some of these partnerships have evolved…
Get close to an elephant, a giraffe, a hippo, or even an ostrich, and one thing becomes immediately obvious: Africa is home to some truly enormous animals. The African savanna contains the largest land animal on Earth, the tallest animal…
When people think about elephant conservation, they usually think about the elephants themselves. They think about protecting one of the world's most intelligent animals from poaching, habitat loss, and human-wildlife conflict. Yet elephants are far more than individual animals moving…
Spend a few minutes watching a group of hippos and they can appear surprisingly inactive. During the heat of the day, they rest in rivers and pools with little more than their eyes, ears, and nostrils visible above the water's…
Elephants are built for movement. Across Africa, they travel between water, food, breeding areas, mineral-rich soils, shade, refuge, and seasonal habitats. In dry landscapes such as Tsavo, these movements are shaped by rainfall, memory, resource availability, family knowledge, risk, and…
Across Tsavo, faint paths can often be seen cutting through grassland, bush, dry riverbeds, and woodland. Some are narrow tracks used by dik-diks, mongooses, hares, or other small animals. Others are broad, well-worn routes created by elephants, buffalo, giraffes, and…
Across Europe, attitudes toward keeping elephants in captivity have changed. One of the clearest signs of this shift is the development of Europe’s first large-scale elephant sanctuary in Portugal, where former zoo and circus elephants will be relocated into far…
In ecosystems such as Tsavo, animals operate within environments where risk is a constant factor. Predation, competition, and environmental pressures all influence how animals move, feed, and survive. A Warthog approaching a water source, for example, will often pause, scan,…
In the Tsavo landscape, conservation and community livelihoods are deeply connected. Long-term protection of wildlife depends not only on safeguarding habitats, but on ensuring that neighbouring communities have sustainable, reliable sources of income. The Sesame Project in Kamungi Conservancy is…
In Tsavo, it is common to see young elephants pushing against one another, trunks flailing, mock charges unfolding in bursts of energy. At first glance, it can appear chaotic or even unnecessary. But this behaviour is neither random nor trivial…